Habilidades basais para a aquisição e o desenvolvimento de linguagem escrita no autismo: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorders is a disorder characterized by a deficit in communicative skills. Research suggests that autism is a risk factor for reading and writing difficulties. Although written language is also a possibility of communication, the study on the acquisition and development of reading and writing in autistic people, as well as on the basic and/or preliminary skills that precede these phases is scant. Objective: to identify the necessary skills for the acquisition and development of written language in people with autism. Method: for this integrative literature review, of an exploratory nature, searches were carried out on the Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, by crossing previously selected descriptors. Studies that analyzed the skills necessary for the acquisition and development of written language in the autistic population were included. Results: 381 studies were found, without language restrictions, published from 2013 to 2023. Of these, six were included in this review. 14 skills were mentioned in the studies. Of this total, nine are reading skills and twelve are writing skills. Executive functions, oral language, phonological awareness, pragmatics, semantic and syntactic knowledge and the intelligence quotient were listed as basic skills for both reading and writing. Conclusion: only one of the included articles was Brazilian, which reinforces the importance of developing national research on this topic.