Prisões de inocentes no Brasil: uma análise critica do erro judiciário

Abstract

This article analyzes the reality of wrongful imprisonment in Brazil, highlighting how structural failures within the criminal justice system contribute to the persistence of judicial errors and the silen cing of the victims affected by this process. Based on bibliographic and documentary research, the study discusses the concept of wrongful imprisonment, its causes, and the social, psychological, and economic consequences imposed on affected individuals. Among the most recurrent factors are defici ent investigations, flawed eyewitness identification procedures, and the failure to observe the eviden tiary standard required for conviction. The study reveals that penal selectivity intensifies the incarce ration of vulnerable groups, while compensation and reparation mechanisms remain insufficient. It is concluded that preventing wrongful imprisonment requires strengthening fundamental guarantees, with special emphasis on strict compliance with Article 155 of the Brazilian Code of Criminal Procedure and the implementation of mandatory audiovisual recording during identification procedures, aiming at a more accurate and responsible criminal justice system.