Período de cultivo das plantas de cobertura na produtividade do feijão-comum irrigado

Abstract

Zero tillage system (ZT) provides numerous agronomic and environmental benefits. In SPD, the use of covering crops is essential. These plants are important in nutrient cycling, soil coverage and increasing biological activity, including promoting the development of microorganisms that improve plant development and provide protection against diseases. The objective of this work is to determine the effects of the period of cultivation of cover crops on the productivity of the common bean crop. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 9 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications. Thus, the treatments were composed of a combination of nine plant covers (: 1) Brachiaria ruziziensis; 2) Crotalaria ochroleuca; 3) Black oats (Avena strigosa) 4) White oats (Avena sativa L.); 5) Millet (Pennisetum glaucum); 6) Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum); 7) Mix Health; 8) Forage Mix and 9) fallow (control)) with four periods of cultivation of cover crops in the off-season (: 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after soybean harvest). The vegetable covers buckwheat and Brachiaria ruzizienses provided a greater mass of 100 grains in common beans compared to fallow. Vegetable covers did not affect bean grain productivity. The period of cultivation of cover crops, comprising around 45 days after the soybean harvest until the management desiccation of these covers before planting common beans, resulted in the highest yields of bean grains.