Uso de hipoclorito na descontaminação de explantes e efeito de fitohormônios sobre a propagação in vitro de baunilha (Vanilla bahiana Hoehne)

Abstract

The vanilla fruit is a capsule that is used as an important flavoring and odorant, known worldwide, especially in the form of an essence, where the Brazilian representative is the Vanilla Bahiana species, a native species that occurs in many regions, such as the Brazilian Northeast and Midwest. Micropropagation aims to ensure the multiplication of this species, enabling studies on its usefulness as a substitute for imported vanilla and the possibility of use in gastronomy and cosmetics. Among the various stages of micropropagation, there is the decontamination of plant explants originating from field to ensure multiplication and the production of healthy seedlings, being a challenge to find the ideal method, as well as the correct concentration of different phytohormones used in micropropagation. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the use of different dosages of sodium hypochlorite for the decontamination of explants established in vitro and the response to different combinations of plant hormones BAP, ANA and GA3. Neither of the decontamination treatments had a satisfactory result, with contamination of all explants. On the Other hand, the use of phytohormones did not present statistical difference in the number of roots and leaves, but a greater number of shoots was observed in concentrations: 2 mg/l of BAP; 2 mg/l of BAP and 0.5 mg/l of GA3; 2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.25 mg/l ANA; 2 mg/l of BAP, 0.5 mg/l of GA3 and 0.25 mg/l of ANA; which correspond to T1, T3, T4 and T6, respectively. There was also a significant difference in plant height at the concentration of 2.0 mg/l of BAP, which correspond to T1.