Os benefícios do treinamento resistido em mulheres idosas no retardo do processo de osteopenia e sarcopenia: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Aging is a process that encompasses different contexts: biological, cultural, social and psychological. Among the consequences of biological aging is the association with musculoskeletal problems, such as osteopenia and sarcopenia. Objective: To identify and analyze the benefits of resistance training in delaying the process of osteopenia and sarcopenia in elderly women. Methodology: Integrative review that comprises the Sports and Health Sciences line of research. The selection and inclusion criteria were English and Portuguese research, with a sample involving elderly women, with a temporal cut of studies published between 2018 and 2023, with searches carried out in the PubMed and Google Acadêmico databases. Results: Resistance training, in its various variations, improves functional abilities and skills, develops dynamic strength in upper and lower limbs, increases muscle mass and isometric strength, in addition to improving balance and mobility. As for bone structure, there were no significant results, confirming that resistance training with moderate and low intensity does not cause relevant effects on bone mineral density. Conclusion: Regardless of the applied protocol, resistance training brings benefits to elderly women, mainly in delaying the sarcopenia process. However, regarding the results of this training model on bone mineral density, there were no significant results.