Influência do tabagismo na saúde da pessoa idosa

Abstract

Smoking is a disease considered by the World Health Organization, which is caused by excess nicotine in the body. In Brazil, every year, a certain of 157,000 people die early due to diseases caused by smoking, so smokers get sick twice as often as nonsmokers. According to the National Cancer Institute, there are two ways to stop smoking, being the immediate stop, which is when you stop smoking on the day you choose and the gradual stop that is when you reduce the number of cigarettes or depending the time you start smoking your first cigarette until the day you will not smoke anymore. The symptoms of nicotine withdrawal is very common in person who want to quit, since the body has become accustomed to nicotine and with this ends up generating abstinence and the smoker ends up suffering a little more in the period in which he wants to quit. Objective: To analyze and describe the influence of tobacco consumption on health conditions and the nutritional status of the healthy person. Method: literature review, in articles published from 2002 on, containing previously selected descriptors. Conclusion: It was found that the main diseases affecting the elderly who smoke are: anxiety, fear, stress, depression, obesity > 27kg/m² (BMI), COPD, inflammatory diseases that interfere in vitamin A metabolism, diabetes mellitus, pulmonary emphysema or asthma, cardiovascular diseases and neoplasia. Regarding cigarette use in the elderly, it was found that the interference is the same as with younger people, due to the weight being lower, between 5 and 6 kilos, because nicotine is responsible for increasing the thermogenic effect, accelerating metabolism. On the action of taste buds, the smoker has more difficulty in feeling the taste of food, so the person who does not smoke feels the most intensified taste of the food.