Estudo de manifestações patológicas em revestimento cerâmico de fachada em edifícios residenciais

Abstract

The civil construction industry has been innovating with the use of new materials and modern construction techniques in facade cladding. However, with all this technological evolution and proven advantages in the use of new ceramic materials in facade cladding, pathological manifestations are not rare. The work seeks, from a compilation of specialized tasks on the main pathologies in ceramic tiles, a wide bibliographic review, analyzing possible causes and measures that could be used to avoid or minimize such pathological manifestations. The aim is to carry out a complete study of the main pathologies and to ratify this knowledge by analyzing three case studies in addition to analyzing the possible causes and measures with which such pathological manifestations can be avoided or minimized. For the elaboration of this work, two lines of research were used, the bibliographical and qualitative. The first was one of the key points for the elaboration of the entire theory that encompasses the subject under analysis, since the search was carried out through the reading of books and data available on the internet, data that were essential to present all the existing theory that includes pathologies. Subsequent to this theoretical study, the interpretation of the pathologies of three case studies in buildings in the Federal District was carried out. Data collection was basically made of visual analysis and photographic record of the facade of the buildings. In the data analysis, the existence of displacement pathologies was verified in all buildings, due to misuse or poor execution. The pathology found on the facade is justified by the high requests and movements due to thermal variations, in addition to executive failures. In all three works it can be observed that there was no preventive maintenance in the buildings, which would serve to avoid these pathologies. The correction was made by removing the material with pathology and re-positioning the ceramic tiles in an appropriate manner.