Terapira celular - utilização no tratamento do câncer de mama

Abstract

Breast cancer consists in an uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the breast, capable to form a tumor with the possibility of invading other organs. Its development varies according tothe type of breast cancer exposed, and may be in situ or invasive. In Brazil it is the second mostcommon type of cancer in women over 50 (fifty) years old, and in men the representation is only 1% of all cases of the disease. For the 2022 year 66,280 new cases were estimated, representing an adjusted incidence rate of 43.74 cases per 100,000 women; having aprospective mortality rate of 13/100,000. For many decades, the treatment for breast cancer consisted of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Today, according to the symptoms and the late and ultra-late side effects of this last procedur, various treatment associations are used, including cellular therapies or cytotherapy, which provide a rehabilitation to the patient and improvement in the performance of side effects, since that restores or changes certain groups of cells or proteins, in a differential proteins, in a differential way to their performance or even to the deregulation of their expression. Given this reality, the present study was based on identifying, updating and clarify the use of cell therapy in the treatment of breast cancer, through a narrative review involving exploratory research of qualitative approach through bibliographic and electronic information sources. The results obtained consisted in recording the cell therapy procedures implemented in the treatment of breast cancer, such as: hormone therapies using hormone-like antagonists or suppressors, avoiding binding of estrogens to their respective receptors, which prevents the action of growth factors of neoplastic cells; targeted therapies with monoclonal antibodies that act in the same direction, inhibiting specific molecular targets in tumors; and use of design cancer vaccines. Previously to the applications of cellular therapies, the safety profile must be precisely determined, where clinical studies must be evaluated together with way and dose administration. As a conclusion, it was detected that the use of cell therapy promotes the minimization of side effects present in patients submitted to chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer, providing more stability and promising life for these patients.