Os reflexos jurídicos e econômicos para o Brasil em razão do descumprimento do Acordo de Paris

Abstract

The impacts caused to the environment through the emission of greenhouse gases was the object of the Paris Agreement. Brazil ratified this agreement in 2015, committing to reduce, by 2025, its greenhouse gas emissions by up to 37% (compared to the levels emitted in 2005), with the goal being that in 2030 the reduction is in the order of of 43%. The work presented an analysis of the legal and economic consequences of the eventual breach of the commitment made with the international community. The Agreement has several challenges that, in practice, have not been embraced by Brazil, which has not been committed to environmental policies. The bibliographic research was based on relevant legislation, scientific articles and doctrines that indicate a dismantling of public policies for the defense of the environment. Consequently, Brazil misses out on financing opportunities for the natural rescue of the environment. Such financial resources could be directed to the Brazilian territory in the search for the preservation of what still exists, given that there are international entities that bear the expenses related to projects that really make efforts to ensure that the Paris Agreement is fulfilled. Finally, faced with the need for credibility and trust to be able to obtain financial resources, there is an inertia whose punishment would be to violate human rights due to intense climate change causing health and socio-environmental damage, for which the State must take responsibility. As well as the joint and several liability of the State for not implementing the plans as they should be applied. However, seeking more sanctions and public policies aimed at climate change and non-compliance with the Paris Agreement.