Falta de atenção e de motivação: fatores que afetam a segurança de voo na aviação particular brasileira

Abstract

Aware that the pilot commands and controls the aircraft, plans and conducts flights, monitors systems and establishes communication with the control tower, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of integral health of this professional. In this aspect, we highlight attention and motivation, psychological perceptions that contribute to the individual performance in both personally and professionally areas. In view of this, this research aims to understand the consequences of lack of attention and the issues related to motivation in private aviation pilots in Brazil based on SIPAER Panel indices, with the view to reduce these occurrences in favor of safety. In order to achieve the proposed objective, a basic, descriptive research with documental and bibliographic procedures was adopted. It was possible to understand that physical, emotional, and social states of pilots undergo frequent changes, which can generate negative effects capable of impacting their personal and professional quality of life and, in consequence, affecting flight safety. This was verified among 79 Safety Recommendations issued by CENIPA for the contributing factors “Attention” and “Motivation” in private segment, in the period between 2012 and March 2022. After analyzing the cases in which attention and motivation were associated with the pilot, it was found that these factors contributed to aeronautical occurrences and were frequent in nine safety recommendations, with the “Attention” factor as the most relevant. Considering the reports resulted from these recommendations, it was observed that, in order to raise the level of operational safety in private aviation, it is necessary by the pilots, among other actions, to improve the proficiency in English language, to be aware of the meteorological conditions of the trajectory to be traveled and of destination, to learn with the safety recommendations provided by SIPAER and, above all, to monitor health. It was concluded that self-knowledge is fundamental in order to take self-control when learning to deal with tensions and emotions. It is up to the aeronaut, for example, to self-evaluate. A positive practice that the study suggests is the “IMSAFE” rule, in which the pilot questions and evaluates himself about his physical and mental fitness for the flight. Finally, it is suggested that pilot's health and quality of life be discussed and thought about in terms of forms of awareness to be disseminated by companies with pilots, since the research showed that inattention and some factors related to motivation can result in accidents and serious incidents.