Implicações da agenesia do corpo caloso na linguagem e na cognição

Abstract

Callose body agenesis is a congenital disorder in which the binding structure between the two hemispheres of the brain may be absent in whole or in part. It occurs in isolation or associated with syndromes and comorbidities, with an incidence of 3:1000 children born, affecting both sexes. Objective: To conduct a literature review about implications of callose body agenesis on language and cognition. Methods: This is an integrative bibliographic review of the literature, the criteria defined for inclusion were: studies published between 2010 and 2020, which had conceptual and/or descriptive content related to the corpus callosum and linguistic and/or cognitive alterations resulting from callose body agenesis. Results: Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria, published in different countries, containing various age groups and various types of research methodology. Discussion: The callous body is involved in the process of hemispheric specialization mainly of language. Agenesis of the callous body causes deficits in several domains, including changes in language, hearing, cognition, motor development and social behavior, varying according to the degree of involvement of the callosed body. Conclusions: In short, the language alterations found in this survey are mainly related to the pragmatic aspect and to a lesser extent to the semantic, in addition to alterations in central auditory processing, development of auditory skills, deficits in attentional control and sociocognitive development. The IQ may be altered or within normal ity parameters.