A atuação do enfermeiro frente a pessoa autista e seus familiares: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Introduction: The term "autism" is derived from the very symptomatological picture related to difficulty in social interaction, in some cases it can already be observed during breastfeeding and care during the first months of life. The nurse, as a member of the multiprofessional team, is one of those responsible for accompanying the child and the family, and must be prepared to evaluate the child's development in order to detect any abnormality early and take resolutive measures to improve the quality of life. Objective: To raise through literature the actions of the professional Nurse in front of the autistic patient and his relatives. Metódo: This is an integrative review of literature of a qualitative nature, in the databases Lilacs, SciELO, MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Schoolar, the last 15 years in the Portuguese language. Result: From the reading and analysis of the selected texts, 64 critical reviews were made, being found 43 articles that adapted the researched theme. Eleven (11) reviews were excluded because they did not fit the theme and 10 reviews were duplicated. After this survey of the articles in the literary search, their structure was analyzed and the data divided into two tables for a better understanding. The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) was included in the discussion for its relevance to the nursing profession and to Autism. Discussion: The articles found in the electronic search in the several highlighted bases were selected through the previous reading of the titles and abstracts. After reading and critical review of the selected articles, the data were analyzed through Categorization. Three categories were selected: Nurse's knowledge about autism; The impact of the diagnosis on family members; Nurse's actions with the autistic and his family members. Conclusion: The analyzed studies bring the importance of the Nurse in the assistance, diagnosis and care to the autistic patient and his relatives, being him responsible to follow the child, the family, to evaluate the infantile development, being able to detect early any abnormality and to take the resolutive measures for the improvement of the life quality