Monitoramento eletrônico e seus impactos na execução penal no Brasil

Abstract

This study analyzed the use of electronic monitoring in Brazil as an instrument of criminal policy, focusing on its effectiveness in reducing the prison population and preventing recidivism. It was based on the recognition of a structural crisis in the Brazilian penitentiary system, characterized by overcrowding, poor prison conditions, and inefficiency in social reintegration. In this context, electronic monitoring was examined as an alternative to incarceration, especially after its regulation by Law No. 12,258/2010. The research adopted a qualitative and bibliographic approach, based on legislation, legal doctrine, and recent statistical data. The results indicated that, although the measure has the potential to reduce costs and preserve social and family ties, its application has not been sufficient to significantly decrease the prison population. It was also found that electronic monitoring may expand penal control by reaching individuals who would not otherwise be incarcerated, in addition to presenting limitations in preventing new offenses, particularly due to the lack of social support policies. It was concluded that the effectiveness of electronic monitoring depends on its careful application and its integration with public policies aimed at social reintegration.