O direito agrário com foco na segurança alimentar e sua relação com a soberania dos povos

Abstract

The study analyzed Agrarian Law in its humanistic dimension, linking it to food security and the sovereignty of peoples, in order to understand how the regulation of land and rural production has defined who could produce, eat, and belong across different historical contexts. Its objective was to demonstrate that food, far from being merely an economic good, has been managed either as a fundamental human right or as an instrument of political domination, with emphasis on the instrumentalization of hunger in scenarios involving blockades, sanctions, and armed conflicts, especially in the case of Israel-Palestine. The research adopted a primarily bibliographic and documentary approach, using the deductive method, complemented by historical and comparative methods, examining national and international legal frameworks, reports from multilateral organizations, official documents, and specialized literature on Agrarian Law, human rights, and the Human Right to Adequate Food. The investigation reconstructed the development of Agrarian Law and food security, highlighting the social function of property, the centrality of food to human dignity, and the idea that hunger can be politically produced as a technology of power, within a framework of necropolitics and food racism. It found that blockades and deliberate restrictions on access to food and water have generated serious human rights violations, approaching practices of genocide, apartheid, and silent food genocide. The study concluded that an Agrarian Law conceived as a fundamental human right, committed to the social function of land, to structural food security policies, and to international frameworks for the protection of dignity, as in the Brazilian framework, provides a legal and political foundation to affirm the food sovereignty of peoples and to resist the transformation of food into a weapon of war and social control.

Keywords: Agrarian Law; Food security; Sovereignty of peoples; Hunger as a weapon of war; Human Right to Adequate Food.