A evolução dos crimes cibernéticos: desafios da investigação digital e a adaptação da legislação frente ao avanço tecnológico

Abstract

The digital era has profoundly transformed contemporary society, reshaping communication, work, and social interactions while creating new challenges for the legal and penal systems. The expansion of internet use and information technologies has led to the rise of cybercrimes, characterized by the use of electronic devices as means or objects of criminal conduct. Investigating these crimes poses unique challenges, such as anonymity and cross-border activity. In Brazil, laws such as the Carolina Dieckmann Law (Law No. 12,737/2012), the Internet Civil Framework (Law No. 12,965/2014), and the General Data Protection Law (Law No. 13,709/2018) have advanced digital protection. However, rapid technological evolution demands continuous legal adaptation and international cooperation. Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as a vital tool for cybersecurity, enhancing threat detection and prevention, yet it can also be exploited for illicit purposes, amplifying cyber risks. Therefore, ethical and transparent regulation of AI is urgent. Combating cybercrime requires the integration of law, technology, and security, along with investment in innovation and professional training. The future of digital security depends on legislative agility and multidisciplinary collaboration to ensure a safer and fairer cyberspace.