Competências dos enfermeiros nos cuidados paliativos em pacientes oncológicos em fase terminal: revisão integrativa

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: This work addresses the skills of nurses in palliative care, a fundamental approach in patient care oncological with progressive or terminal chronic diseases, whose philosophy changes the focus from healing to relief from suffering through assistance humanized that considers the physical, emotional, social and spiritual dimensions of the illness. Research is crucial, given the centrality of this professional in continuous care, in active listening and mediation of complex decisions at the end of life. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the skills required for the nurse's performance in the palliative care of terminal cancer patients, identifying the determining factors for a safe, qualified and humanized practice, as well as the care strategies adopted. METHODOLOGY: The review was used integrative of the literature, conducted in six stages and structured by the PICo strategy. The search was carried out in September and October 2025 in the LILACS databases, SciELO, PubMed, BVS and Google Scholar, using controlled and non-controlled descriptors controlled, and including publications between 2020 and 2025. RESULTS: The analysis of 28 selected studies showed that the effective performance of the nurse requires the integration of solid technical-scientific knowledge, communicational and relational skills, and ethical, empathetic and reflective attitudes. The nurse stands out as a protagonist in the care process, mediating the relationship between patient, family and multidisciplinary team and promoting relief from suffering multidimensional. CONCLUSION: The continuous qualification of the nurse is an axis structuring for the offer of dignified, equitable and integral care, according to advocates the National Palliative Care Policy (PNCP). The development of professional skills is a continuous and transformative process, which integrates technique, science, ethics and sensitivity, being essential to consolidate humanization and dignity in the finitude of life.