A comunicação entre enfermeiros e pessoas surdas em unidade básica de saúde: um estudo de revisão de literatura

Abstract

This work addresses the topic of communication between nurses and deaf people in Primary Health Care Units. The research was justified by the significant prevalence of deafness in Brazil, the insufficient preparation of nursing professionals, the lack of adequate training in Libras (Brazilian Sign Language), and the fragility of inclusion policies. The general objective was to analyze how communication between nurses and deaf people occurs in primary care, its challenges, impacts on care, and possible inclusion strategies. The methodology consisted of an integrative literature review using the databases BVS, BDENF, SciELO, and PubMed. The inclusion criteria were publication of the article between 2014 and 2024; free access and availability electronically; scientific work in the health field; publication in Portuguese. The exclusion criteria were articles not freely available, articles with incomplete content, reviews, and editorials. The search considered the keywords deaf person, including nursing, nurse, health, patient. The PRISMA flowchart was used in the search report. The qualitative analysis of the articles' content, through the elaboration of thematic categories based on the affinity of meaning and relevance to the objectives of the review, led to the following categories: Communication between nurses and deaf 6 people; Nurse training and qualification; Experiences of deaf patients; Impacts on health and care; Improvements for inclusion; Competencies of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). It is concluded that there are communication barriers between nurses and deaf people, which produces communicational exclusion as one of the greatest obstacles to the effective access and comprehensiveness of care in primary care.