Efeitos da combinação de exercícios aeróbicos e resistidos sobre a hipertensão arterial em idosos: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a multifactorial condition that depends on genetic, environmental, and social factors, characterized by a persistent elevation of blood pressure (BP), that is, systolic BP greater than or equal to 140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP greater than or equal to 90 mmHg, which impacts the lives of a large portion of the elderly population. Objective: To analyze the effects of combining aerobic and resistance exercises on the control of arterial hypertension in elderly individuals. Methods: This is an integrative review study, which included studies published in the last 15 years in the PubMed and BVS databases. The descriptors used in the search were: aerobic training, resistance training, elderly, hypertension, and their English synonyms. Results: From a total of 28 studies found, six were selected. In three studies, the population consisted only of elderly hypertensive women. In all studies, participants were divided into a training group with aerobic and resistance exercises and a control group. In five studies, the combination of aerobic and resistance exercises showed a decrease in blood pressure in elderly individuals with grade 1 hypertension; in one study, the combination of exercises did not promote BP reduction in the elderly. Conclusion: The association of aerobic and resistance exercises represents an effective, accessible intervention with strong potential to integrate health promotion programs and blood pressure control in the elderly population.