Boas práticas no manejo de bezerras e vacas leiteiras em lactação

Abstract

This paper addresses good practices in the management of dairy calves and cows, with a focus on increasing productivity and promoting animal welfare. The economic and social importance of dairy production in Brazil is highlighted, emphasizing that the quality and efficiency of the activity are directly related to adequate nutrition, health and correct management of the animals. The study describes the main dairy breeds used in the country and their characteristics, as well as the essential care in raising calves, including colostrum, navel care, identification, weighing, and food and health management. It is emphasized that adequate practices in this phase significantly reduce mortality and improve animal development. The study highlights the importance of balanced diets and preventive health management for lactating cows, with the aim of maximizing animal production and health. Milking management is also considered crucial for milk quality, discussing methods that prevent contamination and diseases such as mastitis. In conclusion, the study concludes that investment in appropriate management practices is crucial to ensure the sustainability of dairy farming, favoring animal health and well-being, milk quality and increased productivity.