AGONISTAS DE GLP-1: RELAÇÃO DE EFETIVIDADE NO DISTURBIO ENDÓCRINO DO DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease with high global prevalence, frequently associated with obesity, sedentary lifestyle and other metabolic comorbidities, requiring therapeutic approaches that go beyond simple glycemic control. Among the new pharmacological alternatives, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have stood out for their positive multifactorial effects in the management of T2DM. This study aims to analyze the clinical efficacy, safety profile and applicability of GLP-1 RAs in the treatment of T2DM. This is an integrative literature review, carried out through searches in the PubMed, SciELO and LILACS databases, with a selection of articles published between 2018 and 2025. Studies that address the glycemic impact, cardiovascular benefits, adverse effects and cost- benefit ratio of GLP-1 RAs were included. The results show that these drugs promote effective glycemic control, significant weight loss and reduction of cardiovascular outcomes, especially in patients at high cardiovascular risk. However, gastrointestinal adverse events and high costs still limit their wider use. It is concluded that the incorporation of GLP-1 RAs should consider individual clinical factors and updated guidelines, focusing on a patient-centered therapeutic approach.