VACINAS CONTRA DENGUE: PRINCÍPIO, EFICÁCIA E SEGURANÇA

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue is an endemic arboviral disease in tropical regions, where infection with the DENV virus can trigger clinical manifestations, a condition that significantly impairs the quality of life of patients, leading to hospitalization and death. Objective: This study aimed to conduct an integrative review of the literature on the principle, efficacy, and safety of vaccines against dengue and other preventive strategies. Methodology: The research was conducted in the databases PubMed, CAPES Journals, Google Scholar, and the Virtual Health Library (VHS), using the descriptors "Dengvaxia Vaccine", "Dengue Vaccines", "Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine", "Dengue Vaccines" according to DeCS. Articles published between 2020 and 2025, in Portuguese and English, that specifically addressed the proposed topic were included. Studies without full text or outside the scope were excluded. Results and discussion: Live attenuated virus vaccines generate a robust immune response but carry greater risk for unexposed individuals, while vaccines with isolated proteins are safer, although they elicit a less durable immune response. Complementary strategies, such as the use of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes and antivirals like Mosnodenvir, have also shown promise in preventing and controlling dengue. Conclusion: Qdenga and Dengvaxia are effective vaccines against dengue, each with specific indications. Qdenga has a broad usage profile, providing protection against all four serotypes and good safety in both seropositive and seronegative individuals. Dengvaxia is restricted to previously exposed individuals due to the risk for seronegatives. Both are valuable tools in disease prevention when applied according to epidemiological criteria.