Sarcopenia: fatores relacionados ao envelhecimento e a ingestão proteica.

Abstract

Introduction: Elderly people face nutritional challenges, such as loss of appetite and chewing difficulties, which can lead to protein-energy malnutrition and progressive loss of muscle mass and function. These changes increase the risk of developing sarcopenia, which is a reduction in overall muscle mass. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze the importance of protein consumption in the elderly population and its influence on the development of sarcopenia. Methodology: this is a systematic review of the literature, using the Scielo, PubMed and Web of Science databases, considering articles published in the last twenty-six years, in English and Portuguese, that address sarcopenia in the elderly. Data analysis was carried out through a narrative review. Results: Sarcopenia has more accurate diagnostic methods that use several important measures. During the aging process, some changes in such measures are common, but when they reach the point of impacting the quality of life and health of the elderly, greater attention should be paid. Factors such as the presence of diseases alter the protein intake of the elderly, which can trigger sarcopenia. Conclusions: The importance of adequate protein consumption in the elderly population and the consequences that may occur if this does not occur, as is the case of sarcopenia, are evident. Because it is such a relevant nutrient, it is important to pay special attention to the amount ingested so that it is adjusted in the best way possible.