O que os olhos não vêem o coração não sente? Estudo narrativo sobre a saúde mental dos cegos

Abstract

DINATO, M. V. S. What the eyes cannot see, the heart cannot feel? A narrative study on the mental health of blind people. 2024. 37 f. Final Paper (Nursing Course) - School of Social and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, 2024. INTRODUCTION: visual impairment affects 285 million people worldwide, and in Brazil, it affects 6.5 million, with 500,000 being blind and 6 million having some form of visual impairment. In addition to physical impacts, this condition is associated with significant emotional and social challenges. This study highlights the influence of visual impairment on mental health, focusing on factors such as isolation and discrimination. OBJECTIVE: To identify whether visual impairment has repercussions on the mental health of individuals living with it. METHODOLOGY: a narrative literature review was conducted, covering publications from 2019 to 2024, available in the Virtual Health Library (BVS), CAPES Journal Portal, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Google Scholar, the USP Electronic Journal Portal, and the Fiocruz Electronic Journal Portal. Inclusion criteria will include articles published in the last five years in Portuguese. Exclusion will occur for editorials, theses, dissertations, and studies addressing other themes. RESULTS: visual impairment is associated with high rates of anxiety and depression, especially in severe cases or among socially isolated individuals. Studies indicate that factors such as low education, limited accessibility, and dependence increase emotional vulnerability. In contrast, support networks, rehabilitation, and sports practice show a positive impact on emotional well-being and quality of life. These results emphasize the importance of inclusive strategies, with psychological and social support, to mitigate the psychosocial challenges faced by these individuals. DISCUSSION: visual impairment is associated with multiple psychological and social challenges, with limited inclusion being one of the greatest obstacles. The lack of preparation among healthcare professionals and prejudice exacerbate the mental health problems of this population. Studies show that initiatives such as early rehabilitation, social support, and increased accessibility can mitigate these impacts and improve quality of life. CONCLUSION: the study highlights the urgency of expanding public health policies that promote accessibility, psychological support, and inclusion, contributing to a more equitable society.