Estratégias para prevenção de lesões por pressão e os desafios enfrentados por Enfermeiros brasileiros

Abstract

Introduction: Pressure injuries (PIs) are preventable adverse events that significantly impact patients’ quality of life and healthcare costs. Nurses play a central role in preventing these injuries but face challenges such as knowledge gaps, lack of standardized protocols, and limitations in technology use.Objective: To describe the challenges faced by Brazilian nurses in preventing pressure injuries in hospitalized adult patients and propose strategies to overcome these barriers.Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted using LILACS, SciELO, BDENF, and Google Scholar databases, with Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS). Nineteen articles published between 2020 and 2024 were analyzed, focusing on preventive practices and challenges faced by nurses.Results: The studies highlighted challenges such as professional knowledge gaps, inadequate use of preventive technologies, work overload, and lack of specific protocols. Continuous training deficiencies, particularly in managing medical devices and technologies like alternating pressure mattresses, were recurrent. Despite these challenges, initiatives such as continuing education, clear protocols, and technological tools showed potential for improving preventive practices.Conclusion: Pressure injury prevention requires an integrated approach, including continuous training, evidence-based protocol implementation, and institutional support. Investments in these areas are crucial to reducing PIs, strengthening nursing practice, and ensuring patient safety. Future research should explore long-term interventions and their applicability in various care settings.