Estratégias de intervenção na seletividade alimentar em crianças autistas: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Food selectivity in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents a significant challenge for caregivers and health professionals due to its nutritional and behavioral implications. Characterized by a persistent rejection of foods with specific textures, colors, or flavors, this condition is associated with heightened sensory sensitivities, restrictive eating behaviors, and nutritional deficiencies, such as low intake of fiber, calcium, and vitamin D. These factors can lead to issues like functional constipation, an increased risk of obesity, and gastrointestinal difficulties. Literature analysis highlights that multidisciplinary approaches are essential to manage food selectivity, combining behavioral interventions, such as Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), with nutritional strategies like the gradual introduction of new foods. Studies also emphasize the importance of training parents and caregivers to handle disruptive behaviors and improve food acceptance. Despite progress, there is an ongoing need to develop accessible and personalized strategies to promote balanced diets in children with ASD.