A exposição ao chumbo tetraetila e potenciais riscos à saúde dos profissionais da aviação geral

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the possibility of lead poisoning and the development of saturnism during the labor activities of general aviation professionals, how exposure to the substance occurs, and its health consequences. The research uses a qualitative methodological approach, of a basic and exploratory nature. Additionally, it includes a case report from the author himself, sharing his experience with aviation fuel handling procedures. Furthermore, this study provides clarifications about the alternative of developing piston engines for aviation powered by ethanol and QAV, with lower fuel cost per liter and higher engine efficiency, being less polluting and more economical. The results indicated that aviation fuel for piston-engine aircraft using Otto Cycle engines contains tetraethyl lead in its composition, which is necessary to achieve the required octane rating. This substance can cause damage to the human body, including the nervous system, and to the environment due to its high toxicity. It can also lead to saturnism, a disease caused by exposure to the element, and, in severe cases, death within a few days. Some professionals, such as pilots, are systematically exposed to such risks in repetitive procedures during every takeoff, which can lead to chronic conditions due to small doses of the substance over time. Therefore, this professional category requires preventive measures to reduce the risks of exposure to toxic substances during their labor activities and to ensure their health and quality of life.