Saúde mental na adolescência: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Adolescence is a stage of human development, between childhood and adulthood. It is understood between 10 and 19 years with three phases: early adolescence (10 and 13 years); middle adolescence (14 and 15 years) and, late adolescence (16 to 19 years) (WHO, 2002). Mental Health encompasses an interconnected network with a state of well-being for the individual to live able to use their skills, through the interaction of biopsychosocial factors (WHO, 1946). During the COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents were vulnerable to distancing and social isolation with emotional consequences, as it is a phase characterized by the need to be part of a group. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the emotional consequences of adolescents in the post-pandemic COVID-19 described in the scientific literature. METHOD: This is an Integrative Review, whose research question adopted the mnemonic CoCoPop (Co - condition; Co - context; Pop - population) (Aromataris; Munn, 2024). Condition- emotional consequences in the post-pandemic COVID-19; Context - studies conducted in Brazil and worldwide with adolescents; Population - adolescents (10 to 19 years old). Original studies published between 2021 and 2023 were included in the PubMed, BVS, SciELO databases, in English, Spanish and Portuguese. The Descriptors in Health Sciences / Medical Subject Headings (DeCS/MeSH) were used, combined by the Boolean operators AND and OR. RESULTS: Seven studies from four different countries were included. The main emotional consequences were sadness, uncertainty, insomnia, fear, stress, depression and anxiety. It was evidenced that the greatest emotional consequences were in females. CONCLUSION: In the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an impact on the lives of adolescents, especially females, causing several changes in routine and social environment. Thus, it is important to develop intervention strategies to address the emotional consequences in this population in the post-pandemic, promoting health and mental well-being for a healthy adolescence.