Uma revisão de literatura sobre a dieta de fisiculturistas

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the distribution of energy and macronutrients in the diet of bodybuilders. Methodology: Systematic literature review, searching for articles in the database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information made available by Pubmed in the period between 2010 and 2020. Results: After inclusion / exclusion criteria, nine articles were analyzed and incorporated into the research. The samples contained in the articles totaled 156 individuals, 119 of whom were male and 52 female. The average age ranged from 21 to 39 years. The average height for male athletes was 1.77 m and for women, 1.61 m. The average weight for men was 95 kg and for women 56 kg. Protein consumption was excessive in most studies for both sexes, consumption of carbohydrates, lipids and calories were below the recommended. Discussion: Excessive protein consumption does not lead to an additional increase in lean mass, as there is a limit for the accumulation of proteins in the tissues. The intake of carbohydrates, at adequate levels, enhances muscle recovery and its deficiency can lead to fatigue, tiredness and dizziness. The consumption of lipids below 15% has negative effects and the energy deficit in athletes is associated with metabolic and reproductive changes. Conclusion: It was possible to observe that bodybuilders had an excessive protein consumption, whereas the consumption of carbohydrates, lipids and energy were lower than those recommended for athletes.