Prevalência e fatores associados ao reganho de peso após cirurgia bariátrica e metabólica

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease, and bariatric and metabolic surgery can be an effective treatment tool. Objective: To analyze the prevalence and some factors associated with weight regain after bariatric and metabolic surgery. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted with individuals aged 18 to 60 years who had undergone surgery at least one year prior. Data collection was virtual, and analysis was performed using STATA/SE® software. Results: The prevalence of weight regain was 44.14%, with gastric bypass being the most common technique. The prevalence of weight regain among individuals with annual or rare/never multidisciplinary follow-up was approximately twice as high compared to those with monthly follow-up. A significant association was observed between the discontinuation of nutritional follow-up and weight regain. Not engaging in physical activity or exercising twice a week showed a prevalence of weight regain nearly twice as high as those who exercised daily. An inverse and significant association was also detected between weight regain prevalence and perceived quality of life. Discussion: Bariatric and metabolic surgery is merely a mechanical restriction, and the recurrence of old behavioral and dietary patterns in patients who underwent surgery can lead to weight regain up to two years post-procedure. Conclusion: Continuous follow-up with a multidisciplinary team and regular physical activity after the procedure are crucial to ensure weight maintenance and patient health.