Apollo Loxias, o Oblíquo: representações míticas, culto público na pólis e o apolíneo-dionisíaco na tragédia grega

Abstract

Apollo is one of four unique deities who has a long Homeric Hymn. Son of Zeus and Leto, he is described as carrying a golden bow, an archer who strikes from afar and who has a lot of admiration. Well dressed, carry your lyre with a seductive sound and a luminous glow shines around him. Solar and warrior deity, he is linked to music, poetry, prophecy, oracles, healing and plagues. Mythically endowed with diverse attributes, powers, deeds and epithets, he achieved such veneration that he overshadowed his own father, Zeus, the king of the gods. Furthermore, he gained an exceptional cult in the city of Athens, initially dedicated solely to the goddess of the same name, Athena, which is why most Athenian months are named in a way that refers to festivals related to the apollonian cult. The oracle of Delphi, conquered by him and therefore consecrated to the god, is considered the religious and political center of the polis and becomes a symbol of wisdom and intelligence. “Know thyself” and “Nothing too much” are inscriptions found in the Apollonian temple and characterize him as a god of spiritual perfection, moderation and self-knowledge.