Produção científica sobre as complicações neonatais associadas à via de parto cesárea.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. Cesarean section is a procedure that revolutionized medicine and its main objective is to reduce mortality rates, but it has become a possibility to facilitate the entire natural process, causing a significant increase in cesarean section indications worldwide. The rate of cesarean sections, without clinical indication, is associated with greater risks of prematurity, higher rates of neonatal mortality, longer hospital stays, greater drug consumption, greater delay in starting breastfeeding, among 19 other complications in child development. MAIN GOAL. Map the evidence available in the literature on neonatal complications associated with cesarean section. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This was an integrative review study, which used five stages: problem identification, literature search, data evolution, data evaluation and data analysis. A total of 672 articles were identified from the search for publications in databases and gray literature, and after categorical reading of the studies in full, 12 studies were included for reading, analysis and categorization of data. RESULTS. The sample of this study consisted of 12 articles, with the majority being retrospective studies, year 2022, with complications: neonatal jaundice, adverse respiratory complications, gestational age (GA), admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) , hypoglycemia, low birth weight, neonatal sepsis, risk of neonatal death, and seizures, risk of bruises, trauma from the surgical procedure; prematurity and delayed neurological development. CONCLUSION. The results of this research highlighted the need for investment in an approach that must be multifaceted, including public health and education policies in order to ensure education and awareness regarding the benefits of vaginal birth, presenting the risks and benefits of different types of birth and review of hospital policies in order to promote shared decision-making between doctors and patients and encourage open discussion about available birth options.