Produção científica acerca das intervenções de enfermagem no recém-nascido com malformação congênita

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital malformation is any functional or structural anomaly in the development of the fetus, resulting from factors originating before birth, whether genetic, environmental or unknown. Even if the defect is not apparent and presents clinically later. Knowing nursing interventions as an instrument for guiding care in a health unit can help guide many pregnant women about the risk of congenital malformation. Therefore, a study on the topic with the aim of promoting knowledge and further stimulating health care becomes considerable. Objective: To map, in the literature, nursing interventions related to the clinical management of newborns with congenital malformations. Method: Which follows the steps of identifying the problem, formulating a hypothesis, searching the literature, Inclusion criteria, Exclusion criteria, defining the information to be extracted from the selected studies/categorizing the studies, selection and initial evaluation of the studies. Results: The sample of this study consisted of 2 articles, the majority of which had a descriptive or quantitative methodological design and were published between 2017 and 2019. All texts analyzed associated the main nursing interventions in newborns with congenital malformations ,such as: maintaining the hemodynamic stability of the newborn and care to ensure patient safety, control of mechanical ventilation, maintenance of skin integrity, maintenance of body balance, prevention of infection, ensuring adequate water balance, maintaining stable blood glucose, adequate postoperative period, maintenance of body balance, prevention of infection, reducing risk of shock and bleeding, hydration, glycemic control, adequate saturation level and maintenance of tissue integrity. Conclusion: Nursing interventions in the care provided to newborns reinforced the need for professional nurses to remain directly linked to this care 24 hours a day, also relying on their specialties and technical capabilities.