Abordagem sobre as correntes de jato nas aerovias UZ38 e UM540: desafios para a navegação aérea e o planejamento de voo

Abstract

This study investigates jet streams, strong winds with the potential to induce turbulence and influence aviation at high altitudes, including commercial and executive sectors. Within the scientific community, there is currently a discussion on the interaction between jet streams and climate change, suggesting possible alterations in the trajectory of these phenomena, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere. The main objective of the research is to analyze the behavior of jet streams in the Southern Hemisphere impacting air routes UZ38 and UM540. SIGWX meteorological charts from the Americas, available on Redemet, were used during the period from 2013 to 2023, considering the 00 UTC time. The methodology employed in the study is of a basic nature, using bibliographical and documentary procedures, focusing on data collection in a specific area. Results show an increase in jet streams and turbulence over the last three years, with a higher occurrence in June, July, August, and September. Speed (predominantly 100 knots), direction (mostly from NW to SE), and flight level (most frequent at FL390) were analyzed. These findings indicate that flights on these routes may face challenges related to wind speed and direction, especially in Clear Air Turbulence (CAT) situations. It is concluded that cautious flight planning is essential to avoid areas of jet streams that may negatively impact air operations. Future studies are suggested to evaluate flight strategies during times with lower jet stream presence, aiming to optimize routes and ensure the safety of air operations.