Fatores associados à ocorrência da síndrome de Burnout em enfermeiros no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19:um estudo narrativo

Abstract

Introduction. Burnout Syndrome (BS) is an emotional disorder and includes extreme exhaustion, stress and physical and mental exhaustion, resulting from exhausting work situations that demand a lot of responsibility. Overwork is the main cause of comorbidity and is common in professionals who work daily under pressure and with constant responsibilities, such as doctors, nurses, teachers, police officers, journalists, among others (Brasil, 2023). Goal. Describe the occurrence and factors associated with the development of Burnout Syndrome in nursing professionals, working in the COVID-19 pandemic scenario, in light of scientific productions available in 2022. Methodology.Narrative study, considered appropriate to describe and discuss the development or "state of the art" of a given subject, from a theoretical or contextual point of view with the aim of analytically mapping knowledge about a broad issue (Rother, 2007; Martins, 2018). Complete articles published in the databases of the Virtual Health Library/Nursing Database (VHL/BDENF) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) were included; PubMed/Medline. The Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCs) were articulated by the Boolean operators AND and included publications produced in 2022. Results and Discussions. Studies have shown that nurses were deeply affected by their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and that the negative impacts persist in their daily work. They warned of the need to create psychologically safer work environments for nursing professionals, with greater visibility, recognition and appreciation of this workforce, which is essential in the provision of health care. Conclusion. The lack of inputs, inadequate working conditions and personal protective equipment, lack of professional development, work overload, social isolation were considered factors that caused nurses' physical and mental exhaustion. Studies have highlighted the importance of installing work environments capable of promoting greater emotional and psychological safety for nursing professionals.