Implementação de aeronaves remotamente pilotadas na agricultura: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Currently, remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) are gaining popularity as an integral part of precision agriculture and ensuring agricultural sustainability. The agricultural sector is demanded by strategies that meet the high production demand. Given the importance of monitoring the evolution of agriculture, it is important to discuss innovative strategies that meet the current demands of this area. Therefore, the general objective of the present work was to demonstrate the benefits of inserting RPA in the various sectors of agriculture, and to compare the effectiveness of these aircraft with those traditionally used. It was observed that the use of RPAs in various agricultural sectors brings benefits that go beyond production, such as reducing the environmental impact and reducing the health risk, avoiding physical contact with the pesticide. However, there are several factors that prevent the use of this equipment on a large scale, since it has a load limit, height and low flight time, which would not be interesting for large agricultural areas. The financial aspect must also be considered, since this new technology demands large investments. Therefore, there are still factors that lead to believe that traditional agricultural aircraft can better meet the demand for spraying larger areas. In this sense, the replacement of these aircraft by RPAs is not yet a reality for all fields and criteria.