Tuberculose: revisão sobre as novas perspectivas terapêuticas

Abstract

Objective: To introduce the main therapeutic innovations, including the use of immunomodulatory agents to improve the efficacy of treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis. Literature Review: The treatment of tuberculosis remains a public health challenge, especially to attain a cure and a rapid reduction in the transmission of the disease. Chemoprophylaxis regimens aim to prevent infection as well as halt the development of the disease in tuberculosis-infected individuals. The use of chemical agents to enhance the host's regulatory immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an interesting approach to reduce the risk of drug resistance and clinical complications. Immunomodulators are substances that act on the immune system by potentiating immune responses against infectious microorganisms and have shown immunotherapeutic effects against TB. New drugs for tuberculosis include phytopharmaceuticals, phytocomplexes, and reused drugs, which even target resistant strains of the pathogen, and are important options for the treatment of this disease. Final Considerations: Reused drugs, phytopharmaceuticals, new drugs under study, and immunomodulators are viable options to maximize the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and improve treatment adherence with less toxic measures than current treatment.