O atendimento de enfermagem no pré-natal como meio de prevenção da rubéola congênita: revisão narrativa

Abstract

Introduction: The fact that pregnant women do not have a prenatal consultation increases the chance of congenital anomalies by 97%, such as Congenital Rubella Syndrome, resulting from rubella, and is the main concern and public health problem, causing abortion, death fetus, or congenital anomalies. Objective: Elaborate the synthesis of studies that address nursing care in prenatal care that contributed to the prevention of congenital rubella. Methodology: This is a narrative review of the literature. Results: The studies were divided into two subthemes, in which 7 articles (70%) are about the prevalence of congenital rubella and 3 articles (30%) about the prevention of congenital rubella syndrome through nursing care. Discussion: Rubella is a disease that occurs in outbreaks, which if coverage is not above 94%, can confirm this point of view. Since, vaccination coverage is at 49%. Some possible interventions to be carried out through nursing care are: implementation of the rubella vaccine in puerperal and pregnant women; family planning; subject all women to rubella serological screening; and guidance on the importance of vaccination. Final considerations: The analyzed studies point to a scenario of uncertainties due to the low vaccination coverage in Brazil, due to the increase in susceptible individuals. As a professional also responsible for the immunization of the population, the nurse can act in the active search of women of childbearing age, puerperal women, couples planning to have children, for monitoring, guidance and encouragement of vaccination against rubella. KEYWORDS: Nursing; Prenatal care; Prevention; Congenital Rubella Syndrome.