Assistência de enfermagem no pré-natal: contribuições para a diminuição da incidência de sífilis congênita

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital syphilis is an infectious disease caused by the Treponema pallidum bacterium, transmitted from mother to fetus transplacentally. It can happen during pregnancy, during delivery, by hematogenous route or vertical transmission. Objective: To synthesize the scientific production on prenatal nursing care as a contribution to reducing the incidence of congenital syphilis. Methodology: This is a narrative review of the literature, to be carried out by means of a survey of scientific articles obtained from a search on public access websites: Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS); Nursing Database (BDENF); Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), with access via Virtual Health Library (VHL); Google Scholar; Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElo); World Health Organization (WHO); and Periodical Portal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level Personnel (Capes). Results: We identified 483 articles in the analyzed databases. However, the studies that addressed, in their title, prenatal nursing care as a contribution to reducing the incidence of congenital syphilis were selected. After previous reading, 230 articles were excluded, including duplicates (N = 5), literature reviews (N = 3), theses or dissertations (N = 3), and those that did not address relevant information for the composition of this study (N = 40). Finally, 11 articles were included. Conclusion: It was found that nursing plays a relevant role in reducing the rate of congenital syphilis, especially in primary care.

KEYWORDS: Congenital syphilis. Nursing care. Public health. Nurse performance. Prenatal care.