Principais métodos de identificação de vestígios biológicos de uma cena crime

Abstract

The process of identifying biological traces, elements left at crime scenes, begins with the delimitation of the area by police officers. Thus, with the arrival of criminal experts, the elements blood, semen, saliva, bones/teeth, hair/hair and fingerprint are selected and collected for the purpose of being diagnosed and, consequently, serve as hard evidence for legal proceedings. It is necessary to identify which type of trace, later collect, transport, store and preserve each item with its respective instruments and ideal temperatures to prevent dna from being degraded. In view of these factors, the present work aims to expose the main methods of identification of biological traces for the clarification of crimes, through sources of bibliographic and electronic information. For this purpose, steps were determined for better understanding, where we had initials/external and laboratory/internal, being identified the procedures such as use of benzidine, luminol, blood typing test, Prostate Specific Antigen immunological method, radiomarked antibody, DNA profile, dermatoglyfica analysis, among others. Through this study it is concluded that better understanding the biological traces and their identification techniques help to determine the actors of a crime, thus reassuring the parts directly or indirectly involved.