Fatores associados à prevenção da obesidade infantil em crianças de 0 a 2 anos

Abstract

Introduction: In the case of children from 0 to 2 years old, some nutritional strategies are fundamental in the prevention of obesity, among them the correct orientation regarding the introduction of food from the sixth month of life of the child. Objective: To clarify the importance of correct food introduction and its relationship with the prevention of childhood obesity in children aged 0 to 2 years, exposing, in this context, nutritional support strategies. Methods: The research consists of a narrative review, in which the following terms were used to search the databases: childhood obesity, food introduction, infant nutrition, complementary feeding. Results: 14 articles were selected, with a cross-sectional design, which were subdivided into: early complementary feeding, consumption of ultra-processed foods by children and relationship of food introduction with overweight in children. Discussion: In the analyzed studies, a high prevalence of early complementary feeding was observed, which contradicts the recommendations that the baby is only mature enough to receive solid foods after six months of life; high consumption of ultra-processed foods by children under 2 years of age, which may be associated with increased risk of disease; and also an association of a high level of obese children with inadequate food intake, with the quality of the diet offered and the amount of nutrients ingested being essential for understanding the etiology of childhood obesity. Conclusion: Complementary feeding performed in a healthy way and following expert recommendations has a protective effect on children's health.