Análise de desempenho econômico-financeiro de empresas do setor de saúde listadas na B3

Abstract

This study had the objective to compare the economic-financial performance in two periods: before (2018-2019) and after the pandemic (2020-2021) of the companies listed in B3, by subsector, under the prism of the Stakeholders Theory. Was applied the techniques of quantitative, descriptive and documentary research. 22 companies composed the sample with data treated through descriptive statistic and tests of mean difference (Wilcoxon), using liquidity, profitability, and capital structure indicators. The results showed that the companies were able to comply with short and long-term obligations, the hospital services companies performed worse, while the equipment subsector obtained better results, considering the high demand for lung respirators, disinfection products, among others, and all subsectors showed significant dependence on third-party capital. For the Medicines and Other Products Subsector, only the net margin increased significantly during the pandemic. The Medical Services Subsector was the most affected, with significant growth in dependence on third-party capital and a reduction in net margin and profitability. Commerce and Distribution showed significant growth in dry liquidity and EBITDA margin. This research expands the scarce literature on this sector, which is relevant for the well-being of Brazilians and for the economy. And put on evidence to the stakeholders that the economic-financial performance was distinct between the Subsectors and that the pandemic affected the companies related to medical, hospital, analysis and diagnostic services more negatively, while equipment companies performed better, although not significantly.