Alterações de aspectos fonoaudiológicos em crianças que foram expostas à infecção gestacional pelo Zika Vírus

Abstract

Introduction: Zika virus was isolated in 1947 and its main transmitter is the Aedes aegypt mosquito. The Zika virus epidemic resulted, through vertical transmission, in very serious manifestations in the fetuses, with great characteristics of neurological abnormality, growth restriction and fetal loss. Aim: to investigate changes in speech therapy aspects in children who were exposed to gestational infection by Zika virus and list the orofacial myofunctional, hearing, speech, language, neurodevelopment and cognition changes in children exposed to gestational infection by Zika virus. Methods: Integrative literature review, carried out in the PubMed database. Results: Thirteen articles were selected for the review, which reported alterations in the stomatoglossognathic system, language development, cognition, neurodevelopment and hearing. Discussion: Important changes were evidenced related to speech therapy aspects of hearing, speech, language, cognition, orofacial motricity and swallowing in children who were exposed to Zika virus during pregnancy. The role of the speech therapist professional in the qualification and recovery of these children is essential. There is a need for more research by speech therapists to indicate paths for rehabilitation and avoid health problems regarding aspects that can influence the functions of the stomatoglossognathic system, learning, inclusion in society, cognition, speech and hearing related to exposure to Zika virus.