Uso de telas na infância: revisão bibliográfica sobre riscos e prejuízos para o desenvolvimento cognitivo e linguístico

Abstract

Introduction: The presence of technology in everyone's daily lives is already a reality in the world. The constant and growing approach to cyberspace has happened earlier and earlier. However, the unruly use of technologies in these periods can trigger problems in the development of children and adolescents. Objective: Investigate the problems or consequences in cognitive and linguistic development linked to the digital age, more specifically to the abusive exposure of screens. Methods: A literature review was conducted in national and international literature in the following databases: SciELO, MEDLINE and CAPES. As inclusion criteria, the articles should deal with the topic and be included between 2005 and 2021. Results and Discussion: The digital dependence of the online generation has caused significant changes in the cognitive process of children and adolescents. Recent evidence suggests that the use of screen-based media presents neurobiological risks in children. Technologies interfere with cognitive growth and limit real-life experiences. There is a significant association between the use of mobile media devices and expressive speech delay in 18-month-old children. Conclusion: It was found that the screens bring risks and cognitive and linguistic impairments if used during childhood. It is still necessary to have more studies in the area of speech therapy on this subject.