O uso de ovos de Gallus gallus domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) na avaliação do potencial mutagênico do extrato de Brosimum gaudichaudii (Moraceae)

Abstract

Plants with medicinal applications have been used as a herbal alternative for many centuries. The lack of resources and sometimes the effectiveness of allopathic treatments for various diseases has led people to seek alternative forms of treatment, the use of herbal medicines. Brosimum gaudichaudii (Mamacadela) is a medicinal plant widely found in the Brazilian Midwest, with the roots being the most used part of the plant for phytotherapy. However, the consumption of teas and infusions must be monitored, aiming to alert the consuming population about the possible harmful effects on the health of users, as they are constantly exposed to substances that may have a mutagenic and/or genotoxic potential, which can cause serious damage the health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate nuclear alterations in erythrocytes of birds during embryonic development and to quantify the mutagenic and cytotoxic activity of different concentrations of Brosimum gaudichaudii extract through the Micronucleus Test, applying the blood smear technique. For the evaluation of cytotoxic and mutagenic effects, the data obtained were tabulated in Excel® software from Microsoft (USA) and expressed as mean and standard deviation in percentage. The Micronucleus Test in embryonic erythrocytes of Gallus gallus domesticus indicated mutagenic activity (p<0.05) when compared to unexposed controls. Therefore, it is necessary to expand studies to better understand the mutagenic, genotoxic and cytotoxic action that the extract of B. gaudichaudii can induce in the body, aiming to establish safer doses for human consumption.