Perfil epidemiológico de crianças e adolescentes queimados de um hospital público de Goiânia

Abstract

Objective: To identify the epidemiological profile of children and adolescents victims of burns in a public hospital in Goiânia and relate the clinical factors of burns with functional limitations, the need for an intensive care unit and mechanical ventilation. Methods: This was an epidemiological, retrospective study, in which data was collected from children and adolescents aged 0-17 years who had been burnt in the ward or ICU from January 2015 to December 2019. Results: The sample consisted of 55 patients, median age of 12.25 years, with a predominance of adolescents (72.7%) and males (65.5%). The main causes of burns were flammable liquid (32.7%), direct flame (29.1%) and scalding (21.8%). Scald was the main causal agent in children and adolescents with alcohol. There was a prevalence of second-degree burns (85.5%), 54.6% of the patients had CQS > 20%, with the upper limbs (78.2%) and lower limbs (61.8%) being the body regions most affected, 40% needed ICU and 29.1% needed MV, the death rate was 5.5%. Debridement (89.1%) and grafting (41.8%) were the most performed surgical procedures. Reduction in range of motion (ROM) was related to SQC >50%, need for ICU, and death. Conclusion: Younger children had scald burns and adolescents were more likely to be burned by flammable liquid. The SQC influenced the severity of burns, as well as the reduction in ROM.