Eficácia do aleitamento materno contra a diarreia infantil: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Objectives: to compile carried out studies on the protective effect of breast milk against infantile diarrhoea. Methods: systematic review of original articles published between 2011 and 2020 in the main databases, by means of the portals of the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Capes Periodicals and Google Scholar. Results: a total of 600 articles were found. After applying the defined eligibility criteria, 10 articles made up this review with 40% published in Africa. In most studies, a low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding was found compared to the worldwide prevalence. The prevalence and incidence of diarrhea was higher in children who did not receive exclusive breastfeeding. Non-breastfed babies had a higher level of protozoa found in feces and a higher serum level of IgE and TNF-α compared to the breastfed ones. Sociodemographic factors related to the occurrence of diarrhea were identified. Children who received breast milk were less likely to have comorbidities such as diarrhea and respiratory infections. Conclusions: EBF up to 6 months was shown to be able to protect children against diarrhea and associated comorbidities. Causes related to sociodemographic factors had relation to the occurrence of diarrhea in children.