Cobertura vacinal e os fatores associados a não vacinação em crianças menores de um ano em Goiás, Brasil

Abstract

Currently, in the 2020 national vaccination calendar, every child under one year of age must have ten vaccinations: BCG, hepatitis B, pentavalent, polio, pneumo 10v, human rotavirus, Meningo C, yellow fever, triple Viral and influenza. Justification: The dissemination of this information allows for decision-making based on evidence and the programming of actions, thus, the study becomes relevant thanks to the scarcity of research of this character on vaccination coverage from zero to twelve months in each municipality in the State of Goiás and the associated factors. The objective was to verify vaccination coverage and the influence of factors associated with non-vaccination in the State of Goiás in children aged zero to twelve months during the period from 2016 to 2020. This is a descriptive epidemiological study, referring to vaccination coverage in children under one year old, in the municipalities of the state of Goiás. The average vaccination coverage between 2016 and 2020 were: BCG, 92.70%; Hepatitis B in the first 30 days of life, 80.25%; Rotavirus, 98.39%; Meningococcal C, 99.23%; first reinforcement of Meningococcal C, 97.72%; Hepatitis B after 30 days of life, 95.82%; Pentavalent, 92.38%; Pneumococcal, 102.37%; First pneumococcal reinforcement, 91.76%; Poliomyelitis, 95.38%; Yellow Fever, 87.22%; Triple Viral, 97.35%. An analysis of each vaccine necessary for the effectiveness of the PNI in the municipalities of Goiás, in general, although not all vaccines are within the goal accumulated by WHO. As for the analysis by municipality, a pattern with no population aspect was found in the municipalities that repeat themselves with the best and worst vaccine coverage averages, still affect socioeconomic factors. This analysis coverage allows identifying flawed points in children's vaccination campaigns, factors that may be related to low vaccination coverage, quantifying children who are, in fact, fulfilling a vaccination booklet proposed by the PNI.