Função sexual e fatores associados em mulheres no climatério e na menopausa: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the main changes in sexual function among women during the climacteric and menopause, as well as the factors associated with these changes. Method: An integrative literature review conducted using the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and PubMed databases. The descriptors “sexual function and climacteric”, “sexual function and menopause”, and “sexual function and postmenopause” were used in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Articles published between 2020 and 2025 were included, and seven studies were selected after applying the eligibility criteria. Results: The analyzed studies demonstrated a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women during the climacteric and menopause, mainly affecting the domains of desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and sexual satisfaction. Reduced vaginal lubrication, dyspareunia, and decreased sexual desire were the most frequently reported findings. In addition to the hormonal changes characteristic of this period, factors such as depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances, domestic violence, and low relationship satisfaction were associated with poorer sexual function and reduced quality of life. Conclusion: Changes in sexual function among women during the climacteric and menopause are common and negatively impact quality of life. Therefore, the importance of a comprehensive approach to women’s health is highlighted, including actions focused on support, guidance, and the promotion of female sexual health.