Função sexual em mulheres com câncer de colo uterino: revisão integrativa de literatura

Abstract

Cervical cancer is among the most prevalent malignancies in the female population, and its treatments often produce significant repercussions on survivors' sexual health. OBJECTIVE: to analyze the sexual function of women undergoing cervical cancer treatment and to identify factors associated with its impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: integrative literature review carried out in PubMed and the Virtual Health Library, using descriptors in Portuguese, English and Spanish combined through the boolean operator AND. Original studies published between 2020 and 2025, in the three languages, were included; reviews, duplicates and grey literature were excluded. RESULTS: five studies composed the final sample, with predominance of quantitative designs: three randomized clinical trials, one cross-sectional study and one case-control study. The Female Sexual Function Index was applied in four of the five studies. Sexual dysfunction was present in all analyzed works, with prevalence of 34.5% among survivors versus 10.4% in the control group. Reduced vaginal lubrication and dyspareunia were the most impaired domains. More invasive procedures, such as radical hysterectomy and LEEP, were associated with greater impairment, while physiotherapy showed relevant therapeutic potential. CONCLUSION: sexual dysfunction is a frequent and multifactorial complication among cervical cancer survivors, requiring early clinical recognition and a multidisciplinary approach aimed at quality of life.