Dimensionamento de sistema fotovoltaico com BESS para hospital flutuante na Amazônia

Abstract

The global energy transition and Brazil's reliance on diesel-powered isolated systems jeopardize electricity supplies in remote communities. In this context, the integration of photovoltaic systems with battery energy storage systems (BESS) emerges as a viable, sustainable technical alternative. It leverages high levels of solar irradiance and technological modularity to ensure a clean and continuous power supply. This work presents the design of a hybrid power generation system applied to a floating hospital intended to serve riverside communities in the Amazon region. The system integrates off-grid photovoltaic solar generation, battery energy storage systems (BESS), and an auxiliary diesel generator, aiming to ensure energy autonomy, operational reliability, and reduced fossil fuel consumption in isolated areas. The methodology is based on the survey and classification of hospital loads according to priority levels, considering medical equipment, air conditioning, lighting, and communication systems. For energy storage, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) batteries were adopted due to their long service life and depth of discharge of up to 90%. The project also includes a hybrid inverter, electrical protection devices, and integration with Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for remote monitoring and intelligent management of critical loads. The results indicate that the proposed photovoltaic system is capable of fully supplying the hospital’s daily energy demand under normal operating conditions, providing greater autonomy and significant reduction in diesel generator usage. Furthermore, the hybrid configuration contributes to reducing carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and increasing energy efficiency, demonstrating the technical and sustainable feasibility of the proposed application.